Nuwara Eliya was once a popular British hill station and is now a quaint and charming resort town full of somewhat incongruous English-style houses and Victorian architecture.
Thanks to the cooler temperatures and the uniquely isolated cloud forest habitats, the birdlife in this region is strikingly different. Several fascinating species occur here, including a number of localised endemics such as the yellow-eared bulbul, the vibrant Sri Lanka white-eye, and the elusive Sri Lanka whistling thrush and bush warbler. The hills also draw overwintering migrants from India, including pied thrush, Indian pitta, Indian blue robin, Blyth’s reed warbler, and Kashmir flycatcher. Key birding locations in the area include Hakgala Gardens, Victoria Park, Galway Reserve, and Horton Plains.
Horton Plains itself is a mosaic of tussock and wet grasslands interspersed with stunted montane cloud forest. Alongside its distinctive flora, the cool climate supports some specialist butterflies, unique lizards, endemic orchids, and many of Sri Lanka’s endemic bird species. The plains also hold a large population of sambar deer, which in turn attract leopards, occasionally seen moving through the montane grasslands. Other notable mammals include the highland race of purple-faced leaf monkey, locally known as the bear monkey, and the stripe-necked mongoose.
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